BS EN 1431-2000 pdf download.Methods of test for petroleum and its products — BS 2000-458:Bitumen and bituminous binders — Determination of recovered binder and oil distillate from bitumen emulsions by distillation (Identical with IP 458-2000).
This BS EN 1431 specifies a method for the quantitative determination of recovered binder and oil distillate in bitumen emulsions composed principally of a semisolid or liquid bituminous base, water and an emulsifying agent.
The method can be used for quantitative determination of recovered binder and oil distillate
in bitumen emulsions for specification acceptance, service evaluation, control and research.
The method can also be used to obtain residue and oil distillate for further testing.
NOTE 1: The propeflies of the material recovered in the test are not necessarily the same as those of the original
materials from which the emulsion was produced, especially for polymer modified bitumens NOTE 2: The method described recovers only oil distillate as defined in 3.1
NOTE 3: In the case of delay of distillation during teshng of polymer modified bitumen emulsions, the test method shou’d be used in accordance with prEN 13074:1997 (2J.
WARNING The use of this standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN 58, Sampling bituminous binders.
EN 573-3, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Chemical composition and form of wrought products — Part 3: Chemical composition.
EN 1425, Bitumen and bituminous binders — Characterization of perceptible properties.
EN 1426, Bitumen and bituminous binders — Determination of needle penetration.
EN 12594 Bitumen and bituminous binders — Preparation of test samples.
4 Principle
Water and oil distillate are distilled from the bitumen emulsion, and separated in a graduated
cylinder, leaving a residue of recovered binder.
5 Reagents and materials
5.1 Cleaning agents, as used conventionally in a laboratory.
5.2 Sodium hydroxide solution, 40 g/l.
6 Apparatus
Usual laboratory apparatus and glassware, together with the following.
NOTE: For details of assembly of the distillation apparatus for the test, see Figure 3.
6.1 Aluminium alloy still (see Figure 1) or iron still, 241 mm ± 2 mm in height by
94 mm ± 2 mm internal diameter with a 121 mm ± 2 mm. or 127 mm ±2 mm. inside diameter
ring burner, having holes on the inner circumference and having three spacers, to ensure
centring of burner under the still (see Figure 2).
6.2 Connection apparatus, consisting of a glass connecting tube, tin shield, and water cooled glass condenser tube with a metal or borosilicate glass jacket.
6.3 Graduated cylinder, 100 ml, with graduation intervals of 1,0 ml,
6.4 Thermometers, two low distillation thermometers, graduated in degrees Celsius, having a range from —2 °C to 300 °C. Thermometers conforming to the necessary requirements are specified in annex A.
Other temperature measuring devices may be used instead of mercury stem thermometers. However, the mercury stem thermometer is the reference device. Therefore any alternative device employed shall be calibrated so as to provide the same readings as would be provided by the mercury stem thermometer, recognizing and allowing for the fact of changed thermal response times compared with the mercury thermometer.
7 Sampling
The laboratory sample shall be sampled in accordance with EN 58, and the test samples shall be prepared in accordance with EN 12594. Ensure that the laboratory sample is homogeneous and is not contaminated (see EN 1425).
8 Procedure
8.1 Weigh 200 g ± 0,1 g, Am, of the emulsion sample into the previously weighed still (6.1) (including lid, clamp, thermometers and gasket, if gasket is used).
8.2 Use a gasket of oiled paper between the still and its cover, or grind the joint to a tight fit. Securely clamp the cover on the still.
8.3 Insert a thermometer (6.4) through a cork, in each of the two small holes provided in the cover. Adjust the thermometers so that the end of the bulb of one is 6,5 mm from the bottom of the still and the bulb of the other is 165 mm from the bottom of the still.
8.4 Place the ring burner (6.1) at least 150 mm up from the bottom of the still. Apply heat by lighting this burner and adjusting it to a low flame. Also apply sufficient heat from a Bunsen burner (6.6) to the connecting tube to prevent condensation of water in this tube.
NOTE: The location of the flame of the ring burner at the start of the test is flexible. It can be raised to decrease the risk of foam-over or lowered to the middle of the still for emulsion containing no solvent. A sudden change in temperature reading of the upper thermometer indicates foam on the bulb and heating should be discontinued until roaming ceases
8.5 Adjust the location of the ring burner from time to time so that a smooth constant
distillation occurs throughout the whole procedure. When the reading on the lower
thermometer reaches 215 °C, lower the ring burner until the reading on the thermometer is
260 °C ± 5 °C. Maintain the temperature at this level for 15 mm.
NOTE: The time taken to raise the temperature from 215 C to 260 °C should be kept between 30 mm and 60 mm. The temperature and time for the last 15 mm of the procedure are very important for the precision of the method.
8.6 At the end of the heating period, weigh immediately the still and accessories as in 8.1. The aluminium alloy still at room temperature weighs 1,5 g more than at 260 °C. Correct for this by adding 1,5 g to the gross mass obtained prior to determining the mass of residue after distillation, Bm. Record the volume. 0, of oil distillate in the graduated cylinder (6.3) to the nearest 0,5 ml.BS EN 1431-2000 pdf download.