BS/EN 16729-3-2018 pdf download.Railway applications – Infrastructure – Nondestructive testing on rails in track
Part 3: Requirements for identifying internal and surface rail defects.
This part of this BS/EN 16729 specifies the NDT methods used to detect internal and surface rail defects and the suitability of each method for the detection and evaluation of typical rail defects of rails installed in track.
This part of this European Standard does not specify the assessment criteria of rail defects and the derived actions.
This part of this European Standard applies only to rail profiles meeting the requirements of EN 13674-1.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 16729-1:2016, Railway applications — Infrastructure — Non-destructive testing on rails In track — Part 1: Requirements for ultrasonic inspection and evaluation principles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:J/www.Iso.orgJobp
3.1
damaged rail
rail which is neither cracked nor broken, but which has other defects
3.2
cracked area
part of the rail with a localized discontinuity of material
3.3
broken rail
rail which has separated into two or more pieces;orrail from which a piece of metal becomes detached
from the rail head, with a gap of more than 50 mm in length and more than 10 mm in depth resulting In
a running band less than 30 mm in width
NOTE See Figure 1 and Figure 2 for the first part of the deilnitlon, and Eigtirc for the second part.
3.4
rail surface defect
defect which initiates on any of the surfaces of the rail
3.5
rail head surface defect
defect which initiates on the running surface of the rail
3.6
rail Internal defect
defect which initiates from within the rail section but may grow to become visible on the rail surface
3.7
NDT Method
discipline applying a physical principle in Non-Destructive Testing
[SOURCE: EN 13938-5:2004-08, definition 3.2J
EXAMPLE Ultrasonic testing.
3.8
wheel/rail Interaction
effect of rolling and sliding contact and direct forces from the vehicle wheels which can cause damage to the rail
3.9
environmental degradation
damage to the rail caused by external environmental factors
3.10
vertical plane
There is no single, universally applicable inspection method — all have advantages and disadvantages. It is therefore recommended that inspection systems be chosen and combined in order to ensure that certain defect types do not remain undetected.
Each NDT method focuses on a specific area of the rail cross section and defect type.
5.2 Convention
Transverse plane, vertical plane and horizontal plane are defined according to Figure 4.
5.3 Visual testing – VT
5.31 Description
Visual testing of rails is a direct visual examination of the condition of a section of rail, specifically the
surface of the rail head, to detect the presence of a defect, define and measure it.
Visual Testing can be divided into two categories:
— general visual testing;
— detailed visual testing.
General visual testing (for example walking the track) is used for detecting the presence of defects. In this case, the rail shall be illuminated, if necessary, with auxiliary lighting to attain a minimum of 160 lx and the distance between the viewing position and the rail surface may he more than 600 mm.
Detailed visual testing is used for defining and measuring defects (for example the assessment of RCF). In this case, if necessary, the rail shall be illuminated with auxiliary lighting to attain a minimum of 500 lx. The distance between the viewing position and the rail surface shall not be more than 600 mm with a viewing angle of not less than 30° from the rail surface.
Consideration shall be given to the application of illumination to maximize the effectiveness of the test by:
— using the optimum direction of light with respect to the viewing point;
— avoiding glare;
— optimizing the colour temperature of the light source;
— using an illumination level compatible with the surface reflectivity.
5.32 Test area.BS/EN 16729-3-2018 pdf download.