BS EN 71-8-2011 pdf download.Safety of toys Part 8 : Activity toys for domestic use.
4.2 Barriers, handrails and ladders and similar means of access to activity toys
4.2.1 Barriers and handrails preventing a child from falling down (see A.5)
Any platform 1 000 mm or more from the ground shall be equipped with a barrier on all sides that face outwards from the toy.
Openings in the burners to give access to slides, climbing structures and ladders are allowed. The minimum height of the barrier shall be 600 mm.
For barriers with an uneven top design, a ruler of (200 ± 5) mm shall be used for measuring minimum height. Place the ruler horizontally on top of the barrier. Measure the vertical distance between the platform and the bottom of the ruler. The distance shall in no place be less than 600 mm.
NOTE Special requirements apply to s’ides (see 4.5.2 and 4,5.3).
After testing according to 6.4 (dynamic strength of barriers and handrails). no part of the barrier or handrail
shall collapse so that the toy does not comply with the relevant requirements of EN 71-1.
4.2.2 Ladders and similar means of access to activity toys (see A.6)
The requirements in 4,2.2 do not apply to activity toys with a platform height of 600 mm or less.
Ladders and similar means of access to activity toys shall comply with the following requirements:
a) any opening shall comply with 4.3.1 (head and neck entrapment);
b) where a ladder or a stair is used, the lateral width of the tread or rung shall be 240 mm or more (see Figure 3 a)):
C) the distance between the upper surfaces of the treads or rungs shall not exceed 310 mm when measured vertically as indicated in Figure 3 b). This requirement does not apply to the vertical distance between the ground and the upper surface of the first step;
d) the surface of the tread shall not be slippery. This can be achieved by corrugation of the steps or by the use of non slippery types of materials;
e) when ladders are provided with rungs, the cross-sectional dimension of the rungs shall be not less than 16 mm and not more than 45 mm;
f) the depth of treads on closed step ladders shall be 120 mm or more;
g) the inclination for ladders that are fixed to a toy shall be between 55° and 90° to the horizontal;
4.3.1 Head and neck entrapment
Activity toys shall be constructed so that no openings create head and neck entrapment hazards either by head first or feet first passage.
NOTE Hazardous situations in which this type of entrapment can be encountered include the following:
— completely bound openings through which a user can slide head first or feet first:
— partially bound or V-shaped openings: and
— shearing and moving openings.
When choosing materials, the manufacturer shall take into account the entrapment hazards that can occur due to distortion of material during use.
a) All accessible completely bound openings with a lower edge of 600 mm or more above the ground, or above any other surface which is of such a size that it will support a child, shall, if they allow passage of probe C (see Figure 17’), also allow passage of probe 0 (see Figure 18). when tested according to 6.5.1 (head and neck entrapment in accessible completely bound openings).
b) Accessible rigid circular openings with a lower edge of 600 mm or more above the ground. or above any other surface which is of such a size that it will support a child, shall not have an internal diameter between 130 mm and 230 mm.
C) Accessible completely bound openings, that allow the free passage of probe C, when tested according to 6.5.1, shall have no parts that converge in the downward direction at an angle of less than 60° if the lower edge is 600 mm or more above the ground (V-shaped opening).
d) Partially bound and V-shaped openings with a lower edge of 600 mm or more above the ground, or above any other surface which is of such a size that it will support a child, shall be constructed so that either:
1) the opening is not accessible as defined in Figure 20, when tested according to 6,5.2.3 a) (head and neck entrapment in partially bound and V-shaped openings); or
2) the tip of template E (see Figure 19) contacts the base of the opening, when tested according to
6.5.2.3 b) (head and neck entrapment in partially bound and V-shaped openings).
e) Non-rigid members (for example ropes) shall not overlap if by doing so they create openings that do not comply with the requirements in 4.3.1 a).
f) Openings between flexible parts of suspended bridges and any rigid side members shall not be less than 230 mm in diameter under the most onerous condition of loading. Both loaded and unloaded situations shall be considered.BS EN 71-8-2011 pdf download.