EN 40-4-2005 pdf download.Lighting columns – Part 4: Requirements for reinforced and prestressed concrete lighting columns.
4 Materials
Materials shall conform to EN 13369:2004, 4.1.
5 Geometrical properties
5.1 General
Product dimensions shall conform to EN 40-2 and where applicable defined on the basis of the
specific design and calculations.
5.2 Production tolerances
Production tolerances shall conform to EN 40-2. the total length being measured from ground level. Dimensions shall be measured In accordance with 13.22.
The tolerance on column mass shall be ± 10 %.
6 Design and design verification
The column shall be designed to safely sustain the dead loads and the wind loads specified in EN 40-
3-1. and shall be verified in accordance with one of the following methods:
a) Clauses 7.1 and 12.2.2
b) Compliance with 7.1 and EN 13369 (for common rules), and the following:
geometrical data (main dimensions and main cross sections, Induding tolerances) of the lighting column as Clause 5 and 7.5; and
properties of the materials and constituents products used that are needed to determine, according to the national provisions valid In the place of use, or possible use, the resistance to horizontal loads.
c) Compliance with the purchasers specific design
It may be assumed by the manufacturer that where he is requested to produce the lighting column following the provisions of the client’s specific design details supplied by the purchaser, such provisions are compliant with requirements for regulatory marking in the place of intended destination.
7.1 Concrete
The production of concrete shall conform to EN 13369:2004, 4.2. The concrete used for reinforced concrete columns must conform to compressive strength class C 30137 or higher in accordance with EN 206-1 The concrete used for prestressed concrete lighting columns shall conform to compressive strength class C 35/45 or higher.
7.2 Surface characteristics
When determined in accordance with 13.2.1, the surface of the column shall be free from damage that may adversely affect its structural integrity or reduce its durability.
In the absence of regulatory requirements or specifications to the contrary, blemishes or surface irregularities are admissible, but shall be limited to:
a) diameter ≤ 25 mm;
b) depth ≤ 5 mm providing the cover is not reduced below the minimum values specified in 7.3.
The maximum crack width caused by shrinkage or temperature in the cement flch layer shall not exceed 0,2 mm.
The finishing of the surface shall be considered acceptable providing that the requirements of this document are not adversely affected.
7.3 Durability and cover to reinforcement
The requirements for durability shall be in accordance with EN 13369:2004. 4.3.7.
For products with a design working life not exceeding 30 years, Annex A shall apply.
7.4 Dangerous substances
Materials used in products shall not release any dangerous substances in excess of the maximum permitted levels specified in a relevant European Standard for the material.
NOTE Attention Is drawn to the maximum permitted levels of dangerous substances as governed by national regulations of the Member State of destination.
7.5 Detailing
7.5.1 Spacing of bars
Where verified by testing in accordance with EN 40-3-2. the minimum space between individual bars and/or external parts of bundles of reinforcing material shall be at least:
The maximum pitch of spirals or spacing of link shall result either from the design or from type tests.
In particular, when load-bearing capacity of the column is verified by testing in accordance with
EN 40-3-2, the maximum distance between transverse reinforcements units shall be according to the
results, with a maximum of 1,50 m.
7.5.2.2 Prestressed concrete co’umns (for spun concrete see 7.5.2.3)
Where verified by tests defined in EN 40-3-2. transverse reinforcement shall not be necessary.
7.5.2.3 ReInforced or prestressed spun concrete columns
The minimum transverse reintorcement ratio shall be:
a) for column diameters at the foot equal to or greater than 800 mm, 0,15 % of the longitudinal concrete section;
b) for column diameters at the foot less than 400 mm, 0,05 % of the longitudinal concrete section;
C) for column diameters at the foot equal to or less than 800 mm and greater than 400 mm by linear interpolation between the above mentioned values.
8 Protection against mechanical impact
A type test shall be carried out on each type of column base, or part, provided that each end of the part extends at least 0.3 m above and below the door opening. The test shall conform to an impact protection category of 1K08 as specified in EN 62262 with the door fitted.
The test equipment shall be either impact pendulum hammer or vertical free fall hammer. The manufacturer shall declare the test method used.
NOTE A single test method will be adopted when the EN 40 series of product standards is revised.
The number of inpacts shall be five and shall be applied around the circumference at the mid height of the door. For circular columns these shall be equally spaced around the remaining circumference excluding the door. For octagonal columns these shall be on each of the adjacent faces excluding the door.
After testing, no visible crack shall appear.
The test shall validate those products with an outside diameter (or flat dimension) equal to or less than the diameter being tested, with the same wall thickness and material strength.
For mechanical impact test, a type shall be defined by the shape, the dimensions and type of concrete/reinforcement of the section at mid door height.
For sections other than circular or octagonal. the provisions defined above shall apply.EN 40-4-2005 pdf download.