ISO/ASTM 52900:2015,Additive manufacturing — General principles — Terminology.ISO/ASTM 52900:2015 pdf free download.
A1.1 Additive shaping of materials
Al. 1. I The functionality of a manufactured object is derived from the combination of the objects geometry and properties. In order to achieve this combination, a manufactur- ing process is made up of a series of operations and subprocesses that brings the shape of the intended geometry to a material capable of possessing the desired properties. The shaping of materials into objects within a manufacturing process can be achieved by one, or combinations of three basic principles.
1.5 The process of successively adding material to build a part makes the properties of the material in this part highly dependent on the machine type and the process parameters in the additive operation. Therefore it is not possible to accurately predict these material properties without coupling them to a specific type of machine and process parameters.
Al. 1.6 A layered approach to the additive building of parts may also cause directional dependence in the material properties of that part. Therefore, material properties in an AM par may be dependent on that parts orientation and position in the build space during processin.
A1.2 Single-step and multi-step additive manufacturing processes
A1.2.1 It is rare that a finished product can be entirely manufactured within a single process principle. Normally, a series of operations and sub-processes are required to achieve the intended combination of geometrical shape and desired properties. However, in the context of AM there is a distinction between which operations are indispensable parts of the additive process and which are more product and application dependent pre-processing, and post-processing operations. When additive manufacturing is applied within an industrial manufacturing system, this distinction is needed to clarity what part of the entire manufacturing process constitutes the actual additive manufacturing process, as well as, what part of the entire manufacturing system constitutes the actual additive manufacturing system, so that standards can be appropriately applied.