EN 71-11-2005 pdf download.Safety of toys-Part 11 : Organic chemical compounds-Methods of analysIs.
The assessment of inhalation exposure to volatile organic solvents can be addressed analytically by tiered testing:
1. The total amount of solvent present in a toy sample (tier 1)
2. The (initial) evaporation rate of a solvent from a toy sample (tier 2)
Tier 1 is based on a worst-case exposure scenario. It is assumed that any solvent evaporates instantaneously from a toy sample. For this reason, a static headspace method (A. 1) with a high evaporation temperature (90°) has been chosen for estimating the ‘total amount of solvent present in a toy sample.
Tier 2 requires a test that mimics real-life conditions and distinguishes between short- and long-term emissions (reflecting acute and chronic health exposure). This can be achieved by measuring emissions from samples over longer periods with several sampling times. A dynamic, thermal desorption method (A.2) that measures volatile solvent concentrations has been adopted for the analysis of gaseous emissions from toys.
Tiered testing approach
Toy samples are analysed first by static headspace-GC-MS. The quantities are expressed as pg of volatile organic compounds (VOC) per gram toy material. If high concentrations are found by static headspace. the second test method, thermal desorption, is followed. The advantages of the second test method, which reflects real life conditions, are:
1. The sensitivity of the thermal desorption method is much higher than the sensitivity of the static headspace method at the same temperature. This is achieved by working under dynamic conditions with enrichment of VOC in the cooled injection system. Using this technique, emissions can be sampled at the preferred temperature of 40 C.
2. The possibility exists of relating the emissions to a gas volume (the extraction gas volume) and of expressing the results in pg/rn3, The results can be compared with the limits given in Table 2 F of
EN 71-9:2005.
Because it was not possible to validate and peer-review the methods mentioned above in the time available, these methods are published In this informative annex. A laboratory proposing to follow these methods should first perform validation, adequate for the purpose to which the results are to be used.
Al Static headspace – GCIMS – method
All Principle
Volatile organic compounds (VOC) in toys are identified and determined by headspace-GC/MS. Samples are heated in a sealed vial to 90 °C, allowing the volatile components to evaporate out of the sample to form a gaseous phase above the solid.
A.1.3.1 General
For benzene. toluene, ethylbenzene. xylene (all isomers), 1 ,3,5-trimethylbenzene, trichioroethylene and dichloromethane a mixed stock standard solution is prepared. For n-hexane, nitrobenzene, cyclohexanone and 3,5,5-tnmethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one (isophorone) separate stock standard solutions are prepared. Store the stock standard solutions in a refrigerator at (4 ± 2) C.
A.1.3.2 Stock standard solutions (approximately 2 mglml)
To prepare each stock standard solution weigh exactly (± 0,1 mg) approximately 200 mg of the appropriate solvent(s) (see A.1.3.1) into a 100-mi volumetric flask. Fill to the mark with methanol and mix carefully.
When preparing the mixed stock standard solution start with the solvent of the lowest volatility! highest boiling pornt.
A.1.3.3 Stock internal standard solution (approximately 2 mgimi)
Weigh exactly (± 0,1 mg) approximately 200 mg of toluene-d8 into a 100-mi volumetric flask. Fill to the mark with methanol and mix carefully.
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prEN 71-11:2005 (E)
A.1.3.4 Calibration solutions I (approximately 0,2 mylmi)
Transfer by means of a volumetric glass pipette. 10 ml of the appropriate stock standard solution (A.1,3.2) into a 100-mi volumetric flask. Fill to the mark with methanol and mix carefully.
A.1.3.5 Calibration solutions ii (approximately 0,02 mg/mi)
Transfer by means of a volumetric glass pipette, 10 ml of the appropriate calibration solution I (A.1 .3.4) into a 100-mi volumetric flask, Fill to the mark with methanol and mix carefully.
A.1.3.6 Dilute internal standard solution (approximately 0,02 mglml)
Transfer by means of a volumetric glass pipette. 1 ml of the stock internal standard solution (Al .3.3) into a
100-mi volumetric flask, Fill to the mark with methanol and mix carefully,
A.1.4 Apparatus
A.1.4.1 Gas chromatograph with mass spectrometer detector and headspace sampler
A.1.4.2 Analytical conditions for headspace-GCIMS.EN 71-11-2005 pdf download.