ANSI E1.5-2009 pdf download Entertainment Technology— Theatrical Fog Made With Aqueous Solutions Of Di- And Trihydric Alcohols
1 Scope
This standard describes the composition of theatrical fogs or artificial mists that are not likely to be harmful to otherwise healthy performers, technicians, or audience members of normal working age, which is 1 8 to 64 years of age, inclusive. This standard makes no statement about appropriate exposure limits for theatrical fogs or artificial mists with other populations, and no limits, higher, lower, or the same as these limits, for other populations should be inferred from it.
This standard is limited to those fogs and mists made from a solution of water and one or more dihydric or trihydric alcohols. These fogs are commonly called “glycol fogs,” although only those that use dihydric alcohols are technically made with glycol. This standard is intended to be applied in theatres, arenas, and other places of entertainment or public assembly where theatrical fogs and mists are often used as visual effects or to enhance lighting effects in live performances such as dramatic productions, musicals, and popular music concerts. It may be used as a guidance document in other venues where the exposed population is similar to that defined in this scope and where the respiratory and vocal demands on the population are not greater than those placed on performers, technicians, or audience members participating in dramatic productions, musicals, or popular music concerts.
2 Definitions
2.1 aerosol: a suspension of small particles in a gas or air.
2.2 CAS number (CAS #): a Chemical Abstracts Service number that identifies a specific chemical or mixture of chemicals.
2.3 dihydric alcohol: an alcohol that has two hydroxyl groups.
2.4 fog: a liquid aerosol in air that reduces visibility and reflects light.
2.5 glycerin: a trihydric alcohol composed of a chain of three carbon atoms linked by single covalent bonds, with each carbon atom linked to one hydroxyl group and one or more hydrogen atoms. Also called “glycerol.”
2.6 glycol: a dihydric alcohol, an organic compound with a molecular structure having two hydroxyl groups.
2.7 hydroxyl group: a molecular group containing one hydrogen and one oxygen atom.
2.8 mist: a liquid aerosol, not as optically dense as fog, but with larger droplets.
2.9 STEL: Short Term Exposure Limit. The maximum exposure level averaged over a short term,generally 1 5 minutes.
2.10 trihydric alcohol: an alcohol that has three hydroxyl groups.
2.11 TWA: Time Weighted Average. Exposure level averaged over an 8-hour period.