EN 103-1991 pdf download.Ceramic tiles – Determination of 1inear thermal expansion .
This EN 103 defines a method of test for determining the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of aM ceramic tiles,
2. Principle
The coefficient of ((near tierrnaI expansion (s determined for the temperature range from ambient tamoerature to 100°C.
3. Apparatus
3,1 A suitable calibrated thermal expansion apparatus,
capable of a rate of heating of 5 ± I °C/m(n with uniform
distribution of heat to a test specimen. Certain types of
apparatus require a seeking time at 100°C.
3.2 Vernier ca/lper
3.3 A drying oven capable of operation at 110± 5°C.
3.4 A desiccator
4. Test specimens
Two test soecimens shall be cut at right angles from the certrai portion of one tile so that their lengths are suitable for the apparatus.
The ends of the test specimens shall be ground flat and parallel.
The test specimens are ground if necessary so that the length of any side In cross’scczion is less than 6 mm and the area of cross’%ection is greater than 10 mm2. ln the case of glazed tiles, the glaze shall be grourni off
5. Procedure
Dry the test s,sciniens at 110 ± 5 “C until they reach constant mass, i.e. when the difference betwean two successive weighings at intervals of 24 ii is lass than 0,1 %. Then aiicw them to coal n a dejccator at amhienit temperature.
Using vernier calipers, determine the lengths to an accuracy of 0.002 times the length.
Place a test specimen in the apparatus arid note the ambient temperature.
InitaI1y and throughout the heating procedure, measure the length to an accuracy of 0.01 mm. The rate of heating shall ha 5 ± I “C/mm.
6. Expression of results
The coefficient of linear thermal expansion ta) is
expressed to the first decimal place X 10’ per degree
Celsius in accordance with the expression:
I !
= — x — /0 t
where
l is the length of the test specimen at the ambienz temperature;
tal is the increase of length of the test specimen; At is the rise In temperature.
7. Test report
Report, with reference to this European Standard:
(a) a tiescription at trio tiies;
(b) the coefficient of linear thermal expansion for both test specimens.EN 103-1991 pdf download.