EN 539-1-2005 pdf download.Clay roofing tiles for discontinuous laying – Determination of physical characteristics – Part 1: Impermeability test.
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1304, Clay roofing tiles and fittings – Product definitions and specifications,
3 Symbols and abbreviations
X length of time in hours, before the first drop of water falls
X1 average length of time, in hours before the first drop of water falls
V volume of water passing through in 48 h
volume of water evaporated in 48 h
A projected area of test piece in cm2
d day
h hour
IF impermeability factor (method 1)
K’ impermeability coefficient (method 2)
hR relative humidity
4 Samples
If the tiles or fittings are supplied with a surface coating or treatment then the test shall be carried out on samples which include the surface coating or treatment.
When the tiles or fittings are taken from a site or building, they shall be tested in the state in which they are found, but the interpretation of the test results shall take into account the stresses to which these installed products have been subjected.
5 Test methods I
5.1 Principe
The amount of water passing in 48 h through the ceramic body of the tile or fitting per cm2 of surface area, under a load of 10 cm of water kept constant throughout the test is determined.
5.2 Apparatus (see Figure 1)
5.2.1 A glass tube (or other ngid transparent material) with an inside diameter of (38 ± 1) mm, and a height of (150 ± 2) mm for each test piece and one for the measurement of the evaporation level.
5.2.2 A container to hold the test pieces after preparation.
5.2.3 A device at a constant level consisting of a graduated test tube or measuring cylinder with a capacity
of at least 100 cm3 graduated in steps not greater than 2 cm3.
5.3 Size of sample1)
Ten tiles or fittings shall be tested. For routine testing, the size of the sample can be different,
5.4 Preliminary treatment
Preliminary treatment consists of the following operations.
The tiles shall be immersed in tap water at room temperature for (48±4) h.
The tiles shall then be dned at a temperature of (110 ± 5) °C until the difference between two successive weighings at 24 h intervals is less than 0,5 % of the reading before last.
The tiles shall then be cooled at room temperature for at least 4 h.
If the test is carried out on kiln fresh tiles they shall be held at room temperature for a period of time after their
immersion in water for 48 h2),
5.5 Test pieces
Cut from the thinnest part of each tile or fitting, a square test piece (45 ±2) mm x (45 ± 2) mm or a round test piece with a diameter of (50 ± 2) mm.
Smear the cut surfaces of the test piece and the joint, between the tube and the test piece with paraffin wax or a watertight sealant.
Leave the tube and test piece for 48 h in a vessel containing sufficient water for the exposed surface to be 1 cm below the water level, The surface opposite the exposed surface rests on two thin non-porous supports placed at the bottom of the container. When this period has been completed, pour water into the glass tube so that the water is 10 cm higher than that in the container.
The water level in the tube is kept constant using a glass gauge with a bevelled tube (see Figure 1).
At the beginning of the test, record the level of the water in the graduated test tube. After 48 h. place 4 to 5 drops of ether or any other surface active product on the tube surface to bring the water level back as near as possible to point B as shown in Figure 1 and measure the water level in the graduated test tube. Calculate from this the volume of water having passed through the test piece in 48 h (V1).
In order to determine the volume of water evaporated in 48 h. place in the test container a glass tube fixed on to a glass plate with a waterbght joint. Pour a volume of water into the tube to achieve a height of 10 cm. Weigh the filled tube. Place this device next to the graduated test tubes and weigh again after 48 h. The difference in weight between the first and second readings is the volume of water evaporated in 48 h (V2).
5.7 CalculatIon of impermeability factor
The impermeability factor (IF) expressed in cm3!cm2 per day is calculated from the following formula:
where
V1 is the volume of water passing In 2 d (48 h), in cubic centimetres:
V2 is the volume of water passing in 2 d (48 h), in cubic centimetres;
.4 is the projected area of test piece, in square centimetres:
d day(24h).
5.8 Test report
The test report shall contain the following information:
a) designation of tested sample:
— European Standard EN 539-1;EN 539-1-2005 pdf download.