API IP RP 1540:2004 pdf download.DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF AVIATION FUELLING FACILITIES
1.1.3 General classification
The classification of aviation fuels, which will divide fuels into classes based on flash point and other considerations, will lead to determining safety separation distance of tanks, the type of tank and its fittings, handling precautions, etc. when designing and operating facilities. The classification of aviation fuels is not a simple matter and in all cases local or national standards should be adhered to. (See Annex B-2 and Annex D.) When handling petroleum products in hot climates or in circumstances where the products are artificially heated, special consideration of the effect of these circumstances should always be taken as they may change the classification of the product being handled. The requirements of local or national standards should be adhered to.
2.1 METHODS OF FUELLING
Depending on the scale of operation at an airport, the usual fuelling methods used can be mobile fuellers, a hydrant system, a fixed dispensing unit or an underground chamber system. Where mobile fuellers are employed, the airport depot facilities allow for the fuel required by the aircraft to be pumped from the storage tank into fuellers which then proceed to the aircraft where the fuel is delivered. In the case of hydrant fuelling, the facilities provide for the fuel to be pumped directly from the airport fuel depot storage tanks to the aircraft parking apron by means of pipelines and then transferred from the hydrant pit(s) installed there into the aircraft via hydrant servicer(s). In cases where for any reason main airport stocks of fuel are located at such a distance that a direct fuelling service is impracticable, intermediate tankage for this purpose may be provided at a satellite or forward fuel depot conveniently close to the fuelling area. A satellite depot would usually be supplied by pipeline(s) from the main depot. The use of fixed dispensing units is normally limited to smaller airfields where light aircraft are fuelled. These may be the sole source of fuel or they may supplement mobile fuellers. They may take the form of a cabinet supplied from an underground tank, a remotely positioned above-ground tank, or in the case of a modular unit, from an integrally mounted horizontal tank. It is normal practice for the cabinet or dispensing unit to be fitted with a suitable type of filter, a hose reel, a meter, a bonding cable and a safety shutoff/deadman device. The aircraft requiring fuel taxis to the fuelling area. Such facilities should be located in an area away from normal taxiing areas in order to minimise the risk of damage.