ASME B107.46M:1998 pdf download STUD, SCREW, AND . PIPE EXTRACTORS: SAFETY REOUREMENTS
1 GENERAL
1.1 Scope
This Standard provides safety requirements for thedesign, construction, testing, and use of handheld screwand pipe extractors that are intended specifically forremoving broken screws, pipes, bolts, studs, and fittingsfrom threaded openings.It is intended to cover only those designs that requirestriking of the extractor to seat it properly in the brokenpipe or fastener being removed. This Standard, therefore.does not cover designs which do not require strikingsuch as the ground thread extractor.
1.2 Purpose
The Standard is intended to serve as a guide inselecting. testing. and using the hand tools covered.Detaiis of design, testing. and use of the tools coveredare specified only as they relate to safety. It is not thepurpose of this Standard to specify the details ofimanufacturing.
The Standard is also meant to serve as a guide indeveloping manuals and pusters for training personnelin safe practices.
1.3 Application
This Standard may be used as a guide by statcauthoritics or othcr rcgulatory bodics in the formulationof laws or regulations. It is also intended for voluntaryuse by establishments that use or manufacture the toolscovered.
The methods employed to ensure compliance with thisStandard shall be determined by the proper regulatory oradministrative authority.
1.4 Sha!! and Should
Mandatory requirements of this Standard are characterized by the word sha!!. If a provision is of anadvisory nature,it is indicated by the word should oris stated as a recommendation.
1.5 Equivalent
The word equivalert in this Standard shall be interprcted to mean alternative designs or features that willprovide an equal degree of safety.
2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES
The following documents form a part of this Standardto the extent specified herein. At the time of pub!icationthe editions indicated were valid. All standards aresubject to revision, and parties to agreements based onthis American National Standard are encouraged toinvestigate the possibility of applying the most recentedition of the standards indicated below. Copies ofthe publications may he ohtained from publishers asindicated.
ANS! Z87.1-1989, Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection; Supplement ANSlZ87.1a-1991
ANSI Z535.4-1991,Product Safety Signs and LabelsPublisher: American National Standards Institute， IlWest 42nd Street,New York.NY 10036
ASTM A 29/A 29M-93a,Standard Specification forSteel Bars，Carbon and Alloy， HotWrought andCold-Finished,(ieneral Requirements forASTM A 322-91，Standard Specification for Steel BarsAlloy，Standard GradesASTMM A 331-95,Standard Specification for Steel BarsAlloy.Cold-FinishedAST A 576-90b (Reapproved 1995). Standard Specification for Steei Bars,Carbon,Hot-Wrought SpecialQuality
ASTM A 681-94，Standard Specification for TooiSteels Alloy
ASTM E 18-94，Standard Test Methods for RockwellHardness and Rockwell Superficiai Hartiness of ietallic Matcrials
Publisher: American Socicty for Testing and Matcrials100 Barr Harbor Drive，West Conshohocken，PA19428