ASTM A370-19 pdf free download.Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products.
ASTM A370-19 cover procedures and definitions for the mechanical testing of steels, stainless steels, and related alloys. The various mechanical tests herein described are used to determine properties required in the product specifications. Variations in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible and comparable results. In those cases in which the testing requirements for certain products are unique or at variance with these general procedures, the product specification testing requirements shall control.
4. General Precautions
4. 1 Certain methods of fabrication. such as bending,forming, and welding, or operations involving heating, may affect the properties of the material under test. Therefore, the product specifications cover the stage of manufacture at which mechanical testing is to be performed. The properties shown by testing prior to fabrication may not necessarily be representa tive of the product after it has been completely fabricated.
4. 2 Improperly machined specimens should be discarded and other specimens substituted.
4.3 Flaws in the specimen may also affect results. If any test
imen develops flaws, the retest provision of the applicable product specification shall govern.
4.4 If any test specimen fails because of mechanical reasons such as failure of testing equipment or improper specimen preparation, it may be discarded and another specimen taken.
5. Orientation of Test Specimens
5.I The terms “longitudinal test” and”transverse test” are used only in material specifications for wrought products and are not applicable to castings. When such reference is made to a test coupon or test specimen, the following definitions apply:
5.1.1 Longitudinal Test, unless specifically define otherwise, signifies that the lengthwise axis of the specimen is parallel to the direction of the greatest extension of the steel during rolling or forging. The stress applied to a longitudinal tension test specimen is in the direction of the greatest extension, and the axis of the fold of a longitudinal bend test specimen is at right angles to the direction of greatest extension.