IEEE 3001.8-2013 pdf download IEEE Recommended Practice for the Instrumentation and Metering of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems
1.1 Scope
This recommended practice covers the instrumentation and elering (I&M) of industrial and commerciapower systems. It describes the importance of metering to achieve a successful energy management processas well as considerations that must be made when applying the latest metering technology.
1.2 General
I&M is essential to satisfactory operation, monitoring, and trouble shooting of the electrical powerdistribution system serving any facility. Metering needs are now being driven by existing and newregulatory requirements relating to energy use and energy efficiency.
The specific requirements and complexity of the appropriate l&M for any facility, however, is highlydependent on the size and complexity of the facility, lt is also dependent on economic factors related not only to the first costs for installing the I&M; but more importantly upon the costs of downtime when thefacility has a loss of power.
Good I&M provide the data needed to understand how the facility is using its electrical energy. This saminformation is also useful for controlling energy use (and associated costs) in the facility, determining thepower quality present,and assisting in the determination of the causes of on-going electrical problemspower anomalies,and/or power outages.
2. Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. The IEEE StandardsDictionary Online should be consulted for terms not defined in this clause.
instrument: An instrument is defined as a device for measuring the value of the quantity undeiobservation. This value is not reflective of, or related to, any other electrical characteristic of the powersystem. (Said another way, a volt-meter reading is not in any direct way aflected by other variables in thcpower system such as current or power factor.) Instruments may be either indicating type or recording typeAs used in this document, an indicating instrument means the value can be read for any given instant, butthere is no method for knowing any of the prior values. Recording instruments, on the other hand, allowone to learn the instantaneous value and the prior values of the variable Common recording methodsinclude digital memory within the instrument itself, transmission of the values to remote computers via acommunication link,and/or paper charts.
meter: A meter is defined as a device that can measure and register the integral of a quantity over aninterval of time. Integral in this sense means that multiple values of the power system quantity are used toregister the value being monitored. The kilowatt-hour meter is the most common type of meter. Such ameter integrates the instantaneous values of voltage, current, and power factor to calculate the kilowattsbeing consumed, and that value over time results in kilowat-hour consumption values. (lt should be notedthat many kilowatt-hour mcters are often configured to also register the maxiun demand values scen bythe meter since its last reset,)
NOTE-In common usage, instrument and meter are often used interchangeably, For example, the term meter iscommonly used with other words, such as VAR-meter, voltmeter, and frequency meter, even though these devices aretechnically instruments.”
3. Examples of service instrumentation and metering
Below are several examples of the metering that may be installed on an industrial or commercial serviceentrance.
NOTE-These examples do not, however, necessarily represent the metering schemes used by the utilities for bilingThe utilitics often utiliz mcter types that can handle currents of 200 A, or mor, without need for current transformers.