Information in War Military Innovation, Battle Networks, and the Future of Artificial Intelligence pdf download
The Significance of Tacit Knowledge
Broadly,this cumulative and equal view of innovation adoption gels with the ar-gument presented here.However,determining potential for innovation imple-mentation clearly comes down to more than just the sum of an organization’saccommodating policies,particularly in the case of military innovation.Anythingrelated to the military also inherently involves external interactions with civilianpolitical officials,industry,and scientists.Indeed,this reality is evident in criticismsof the conventional view of innovation adoption found in the business field,withmany pointing out that stage-based models of implementation are both highly lin-ear and highly correlative (i.e.,they amount to adjudication on the marginal ef-fects of some combinations of adoption practices over others)。Critics note that,counter to the logic of the standard phase-based model of innovation popular inthe business literature,large organizations are inevitably defined by multidirec-tional evolution patterns,where innovations,perspectives,and policy influencesenter through different channels and interact in ways not always determined bycompany executives.s4 The general absence in the business literature of normativeor sociocognitive responses to managers’worldviews is particularly curious.s5 Afterall,innovation adoption within a complex organizational context will inevitably beimpacted by entrenched personal practices that extend beyond the logistical needsor preferences of the workforce.Hence,the current study situates each case withina distinct emergent context,including the political-strategic context of the time,then process-traces how new technology was introduced and the extent to whichorganizational structure (channel capacity)and tacit knowledge (source theory)af-fected its trajectory.